Anoikis
Anoikis
Anoikis (pronunciation: /əˈnɔɪkɪs/) is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in anchorage-dependent cells when they detach from the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). The term is derived from the Greek words "ano" meaning "up" and "oikos" meaning "home".
Etymology
The term "Anoikis" was first coined by Frisch and Francis in 1994. It is derived from the Greek words "ano" (up) and "oikos" (home), signifying the state of being without a home or being homeless. This is in reference to the cells detaching from the extracellular matrix, their 'home', and subsequently undergoing programmed cell death.
Function
Anoikis is a crucial physiological process that maintains tissue homeostasis by eliminating detached cells, thereby preventing them from colonizing elsewhere in the organism. It plays a vital role in processes such as tissue development, homeostasis, and disease prevention.
Role in Disease
Resistance to anoikis can lead to serious health conditions, including cancer. When cells gain resistance to anoikis, they can survive after detaching from the ECM, potentially leading to metastasis, the spread of cancer cells to new areas of the body.
Related Terms
- Apoptosis: A form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.
- Metastasis: The spread of a disease, especially cancer, from one organ or part to another not directly connected with it.
- Extracellular Matrix (ECM): A three-dimensional network of extracellular macromolecules such as collagen, enzymes, and glycoproteins that provide structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Anoikis
- Wikipedia's article - Anoikis
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