Anal Cancer
Anal Cancer
Anal Cancer (pronounced: /ˈeɪnəl ˈkænsər/) is a type of cancer that forms in tissues of the anus. The anus is the opening of the rectum (last part of the large intestine) to the outside of the body.
Etymology
The term "Anal Cancer" is derived from the Latin word "anus" meaning ring or circle, and the Greek word "karkinos" meaning crab or cancer.
Types
There are several types of anal cancer, including:
- Squamous cell carcinoma: The most common type of anal cancer.
- Adenocarcinoma: Cancer that forms in cells that line glands and ducts.
- Melanoma: A rare form of anal cancer that begins in pigment-producing cells.
Symptoms
Symptoms of anal cancer may include bleeding from the anus or rectum or a lump near the anus. Other symptoms may include pain or pressure in the area around the anus.
Causes
Anal cancer is caused by the transformation of healthy cells in the anus into abnormal cells. This transformation is often associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of anal cancer typically involves a physical examination, review of medical history, and may include procedures such as an anoscopy or biopsy.
Treatment
Treatment options for anal cancer may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The choice of treatment depends on the stage of the cancer, the patient's overall health, and personal preferences.
Prognosis
The prognosis for anal cancer varies depending on the stage of the disease at diagnosis and the patient's overall health. Early detection and treatment can improve the prognosis.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Anal Cancer
- Wikipedia's article - Anal Cancer
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