Aminoacyl-tRNA
Aminoacyl-tRNA
Aminoacyl-tRNA (pronounced: a-mee-no-ah-seel-tRNA) is a crucial component in the process of Protein synthesis. It is a type of Transfer RNA (tRNA) that is charged with a specific Amino acid.
Etymology
The term "Aminoacyl-tRNA" is derived from the words "amino acid" and "tRNA". "Amino acid" refers to the building blocks of proteins, while "tRNA" stands for transfer RNA, a type of RNA molecule that helps decode a Messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a protein.
Function
Aminoacyl-tRNA plays a vital role in the process of protein synthesis. It carries an amino acid to the Ribosome, where the amino acid is added to the growing protein chain. This process is facilitated by an enzyme known as Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, which attaches the appropriate amino acid to the tRNA.
Related Terms
- Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase: An enzyme that charges tRNA molecules with their respective amino acids.
- Transfer RNA (tRNA): A type of RNA molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
- Ribosome: A cellular machine that synthesizes proteins by translating mRNA sequences.
- Messenger RNA (mRNA): A type of RNA molecule that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it is translated into a protein sequence.
- Protein synthesis: The process by which cells build proteins based on the genetic information carried by mRNA.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Aminoacyl-tRNA
- Wikipedia's article - Aminoacyl-tRNA
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