Amelogenesis imperfecta
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Amelogenesis Imperfecta (pronounced: am-uh-loh-jen-uh-sis im-per-fek-tuh) is a rare genetic condition involving a disruption in the formation of enamel, the hard outer covering of teeth. The term originates from the Greek words "amelos" meaning enamel and "genesis" meaning formation, combined with the Latin word "imperfecta" meaning imperfect.
Types
Amelogenesis Imperfecta is classified into four main types:
- Hypoplastic: Characterized by thin enamel, which is often rough and discolored.
- Hypomaturation: The enamel is of normal thickness but is softer than normal.
- Hypocalcified: The enamel is of normal thickness but is softer than normal and can be easily removed.
- Hypomaturation-hypoplastic with taurodontism: A combination of the above types, with the addition of taurodontism, a condition where the body of the tooth is enlarged at the expense of the roots.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Amelogenesis Imperfecta can vary depending on the type, but may include:
- Discolored teeth, often yellow or brown
- Sensitivity to temperature
- Increased risk of cavities and tooth decay
- Difficulty chewing due to abnormal tooth shape
Causes
Amelogenesis Imperfecta is caused by mutations in several genes, including AMELX, ENAM, MMP20, and KLK4. These genes are involved in the formation of enamel.
Treatment
Treatment for Amelogenesis Imperfecta aims to protect the teeth, improve appearance, and ensure proper function. This may involve the use of dental crowns, bonding, and/or veneers.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Amelogenesis imperfecta
- Wikipedia's article - Amelogenesis imperfecta
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