Alternating
Alternating Hemiplegia
Alternating hemiplegia (pronunciation: al-ter-nay-ting hem-i-ple-jee-uh) is a rare neurological disorder that causes periodic episodes of paralysis on one side of the body (hemiplegia). The term originates from the Latin words 'alternare' meaning 'to alternate', and 'hemi' meaning 'half', and the Greek word 'plegia' meaning 'paralysis'.
Symptoms
The symptoms of alternating hemiplegia usually begin in infancy or early childhood. The most characteristic symptom is recurrent episodes of paralysis that involve one side of the body (hemiplegia). These episodes can last from a few minutes to several days. Other symptoms may include epileptic seizures, developmental delay, and movement disorders such as dystonia and chorea.
Causes
Alternating hemiplegia is caused by mutations in the ATP1A3 gene. This gene provides instructions for producing a protein that is involved in pumping ions across cell membranes. The ATP1A3 gene mutations that cause alternating hemiplegia result in a protein that is less effective at pumping ions, which disrupts the normal function of nerve cells.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of alternating hemiplegia is based on the characteristic symptoms, a detailed patient history, a thorough clinical evaluation, and a variety of specialized tests. These tests may include genetic testing, which can identify mutations in the ATP1A3 gene.
Treatment
There is currently no cure for alternating hemiplegia. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, and may include medications to manage seizures and movement disorders, physical therapy to improve mobility and prevent complications, and educational services to address developmental delays.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Alternating
- Wikipedia's article - Alternating
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