Alpha blocker
Alpha Blocker
Alpha blockers (pronunciation: /ˈælfə ˈblɒkər/), also known as alpha-adrenergic antagonists or alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonists, are a class of pharmacological agents that act as antagonists on α-adrenergic receptors (alpha-1 and alpha-2).
Etymology
The term "alpha blocker" is derived from the Greek letter "alpha" and the English word "blocker". The "alpha" refers to the alpha-adrenergic receptors that these drugs block, while "blocker" refers to the action of these drugs in blocking the receptors.
Mechanism of Action
Alpha blockers work by blocking the action of norepinephrine and epinephrine (adrenaline) on alpha receptors, thereby dilating blood vessels and reducing blood pressure. They are commonly used in the treatment of hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Types of Alpha Blockers
There are two types of alpha blockers: non-selective and selective. Non-selective alpha blockers, such as phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine, block both alpha-1 and alpha-2 receptors. Selective alpha blockers, such as doxazosin, terazosin, and tamsulosin, only block alpha-1 receptors.
Side Effects
Common side effects of alpha blockers include dizziness, headache, and fatigue. Less common side effects can include palpitations, nausea, and edema.
Related Terms
- Beta Blocker
- Calcium Channel Blocker
- Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Alpha blocker
- Wikipedia's article - Alpha blocker
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