Alfaxalone

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Alfaxalone

Alfaxalone (pronounced al-fax-a-lone), also known as Alphaxalone or Alphaxolone, is a neuroactive steroid and general anesthetic. It is used in veterinary medicine for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in dogs and cats.

Etymology

The term "Alfaxalone" is derived from the chemical name 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnane-11,20-dione. The prefix "Alfa" is a reference to the alpha configuration of the hydroxyl group at the 3 position on the steroid nucleus.

Pharmacology

Alfaxalone acts as a positive allosteric modulator at the GABA_A receptor, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor in the brain. It enhances the effects of GABA at the GABA_A receptor, leading to hyperpolarization of the neuron and a decrease in neuronal excitability.

Clinical Use

In veterinary medicine, Alfaxalone is used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in dogs and cats. It is administered intravenously and has a rapid onset of action. The duration of anesthesia is relatively short, typically less than 30 minutes, but can be extended with additional doses.

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