African swine fever virus
African Swine Fever Virus
African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) (pronunciation: /ˈæfrɪkən swaɪn ˈfiːvər ˈvaɪrəs/), is a large, double-stranded DNA virus in the Asfarviridae family. It is the causative agent of African Swine Fever (ASF).
Etymology
The term "African Swine Fever Virus" is derived from the region where the virus was first identified, Africa, and the disease it causes, swine fever. The virus is often abbreviated as ASFV.
Description
ASFV is a complex virus with a large, double-stranded DNA genome. It is the only member of the Asfarviridae family and the only known DNA arbovirus. The virus is highly resistant to a wide range of pH and temperature conditions, and can survive in processed pork products, contributing to its spread.
Transmission and Effects
ASFV is transmitted to pigs through direct contact with infected animals, or through ingestion of contaminated meat. The virus causes African Swine Fever, a highly contagious and deadly disease that affects domestic and wild pigs. Symptoms of ASF include high fever, loss of appetite, hemorrhages in the skin and internal organs, and death in 2-10 days on average.
Prevention and Control
There is currently no approved vaccine for ASFV. Control measures include strict quarantine and movement control, rapid detection and culling of all pigs on an infected premise. The virus's resistance to inactivation and its ability to persist in pork products present significant challenges to disease control.
Related Terms
- Asfarviridae: The family of viruses to which ASFV belongs.
- African Swine Fever: The disease caused by ASFV.
- Arbovirus: Any of a group of viruses that are transmitted by arthropods, such as mosquitoes and ticks.
- DNA virus: A virus that has DNA as its genetic material and replicates using a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on African swine fever virus
- Wikipedia's article - African swine fever virus
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