Actinobacillus
Actinobacillus
Actinobacillus (pronunciation: ak-ti-noh-buh-sil-uhs) is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and non-spore-forming, oval to rod-shaped bacteria occurring as parasites or pathogens in mammals, birds, and reptiles. It was first isolated by German veterinary surgeon Heinrich Rosenbusch in 1884, and it is named from its tendency to form radial colonies, term originating from Greek words aktis (ray) and bakterion (small rod).
Characteristics
Members of the genus Actinobacillus are characterized by their ability to ferment carbohydrates, reduce nitrates, and produce catalase. They are also oxidase-positive and can grow both in the presence and absence of oxygen.
Species
The genus Actinobacillus consists of several species, including:
- Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
- Actinobacillus suis
- Actinobacillus ureae
- Actinobacillus equuli
- Actinobacillus lignieresii
- Actinobacillus seminis
Pathogenesis
Actinobacillus species are known to cause a variety of diseases in animals, including equine infectious anemia, porcine pleuropneumonia, and bovine pinkeye. Some species are also known to infect humans, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, which is associated with periodontal disease.
Treatment
Treatment for Actinobacillus infections typically involves the use of antibiotics, such as penicillin, tetracycline, or erythromycin. However, some strains have shown resistance to these drugs, making treatment more difficult.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Actinobacillus
- Wikipedia's article - Actinobacillus
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