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Actinomycosis

Actinomycosis (pronounced: ak-ti-no-my-co-sis) is a rare, chronic, and slowly progressive infectious disease caused by bacteria of the Actinomyces species.

Etymology

The term "Actinomycosis" is derived from the Greek words "aktis" meaning ray and "mykes" meaning fungus. Despite the name, Actinomyces are bacteria, not fungi.

Definition

Actinomycosis is characterized by the formation of painful abscesses in the mouth, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract. Actinomyces are normally present in the mouth and digestive tract of healthy people and only become a problem if they penetrate the tissue lining these areas.

Symptoms

Symptoms of actinomycosis are often non-specific and can include weight loss, fever, and night sweats. The disease can also cause lumps or abscesses to form, which may drain to the skin.

Treatment

Treatment typically involves long-term antibiotic therapy, often for several months. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove infected tissue.

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